Planned for launch in 2013, the JWST will have the light collecting power not only to see more distant objects, but to measure their spectral fingerprints as well, yielding even more reliable distances and chemical composition information. This galaxy appears to have 'bulked up' amazingly quickly, within the first few hundred million years after the Big Bang," says Bahram Mobasher of the Space Telescope Science Institute and the European Space Agency, a member of the team which discovered the galaxy. The new observations by Mobasher and his colleagues dramatically extend this notion of surprisingly mature "baby galaxies" to an object which is perhaps ten times more massive, and which seemed to form its stars even earlier in the history of the universe. However, the big surprise was how much brighter the galaxy is in images from Spitzer's Infrared Array Camera (IRAC), which easily detects it at wavelengths as much as five times longer than those seen by the Hubble. Galaxies come in basic shapes, such as round spirals and football-shaped ellipticals. This bottom-up hierarchy is like brooks, feeding streams, which then converge to form great rivers. The galaxy is believed to be about as far away as the most distant galaxies and quasars now known. In many cases, astronomers would not be able to see the distant galaxies at all because they are too far away. They actually stay about the same apparent size, if they are not truly physically smaller. The team has tried to confirm the distance estimate with spectroscopic measurements from the largest ground-based telescopes, the VLT, Keck, and Gemini observatories, but the object has proven to be too faint for such observations. At the same time, they can also get an idea of the make-up of the galaxy in terms of the mass and age of its stars. In a gravitational lensing event, a massive galaxy acts like a lens, amplifying and brightening a distant galaxy behind it. Due to relativistic ffects of the expanding universe, the visual effect of shrinking angular size with distance no longer works when objects are farther than halfway across the universe. As radiation and matter intersected in the young universe, the gas in the universe basically cordless see-sawed from being hot to cold, to hot again. The effect is similar to using your camera's zoom lens to take photographs of distant objects. Another galaxy's central disk of gas and dust may be slightly warped. The galaxy was detected cordless Hubble's infrared camera, the Near Infrared Camera and Multi-Object Spectrometer (NICMOS), and also with an infrared camera on the Very Large Telescope (VLT) at the European Southern Observatory, but at those wavelengths it is very faint and red. It cordless also within the cordless survey from the Spitzer Space Telescope, the Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey (or GOODS). The light reaching us today began its journey when the universe was only about 800 million years old. The ultraviolet light from these stars knocked electrons off cordless hydrogen atoms, therefore ionizing them. Astronomers generally believe Buy Hydrocodone Without Prescription (USA) galaxies were built up piecewise by mergers of smaller galaxies. However, the discovery of this object suggests that at least a few galaxies formed quickly and in their entirety, long ago, as some older theories of "monolithic" galaxy formation have suggested. While we cannot completely discard other scenarios, this appears to be the most plausible interpretation, given the available data," says Henry C. Buy Brand Hydrocodone Online These galaxies are not small because they are far away, but because they are truly tiny. Albert Einstein predicted this effect in his theory of general relativity. Astronomers are now debating whether the hottest stars in these early galaxies may have provided enough radiation to "lift a curtain" of cold, primordial hydrogen that cooled after the big bang. It appears to have grown old prematurely. In fact, galaxy interactions account for many of the odd-looking galaxies cordless . Spitzer's IRAC is sensitive to the light from older, redder stars which should make up most of the mass in a galaxy, and the brightness of the galaxy suggests that it is quite massive indeed. For such a large galaxy, this would have been a tremendously explosive event, and the energy from the quick emergence of those stars would have helped reheat the universe very shortly after it cooled following the Big Bang. At a time when the universe was only 800 million years old, it's positively gigantic. The galaxy was pinpointed among approximately 10,000 others in a small patch of sky called the Hubble Ultra Deep Field. Still another galaxy's shape may be distorted due to an encounter with another galaxy. Galaxies grew from small clumps of stars to ever-bigger assemblages. It was extremely hot during the big bang, expanded and cooled, but then was re-heated by the earliest stars. The relative brightness of the galaxy at different wavelengths is influenced by the expanding universe, and allows astronomers to estimate its distance. Like a photographer clicking random snapshots of a crowd of people, NASA's Hubble Space Telescope has taken a view of an eclectic mix of galaxies. The gravity of a massive galaxy is so powerful that it distorts surrounding space. The camera was taking a cordless of a typical patch of sky, while Hubble's infrared camera was viewing a target in an adjacent galaxy-rich region. Astronomers can study more features in the distant objects than they would if they viewed the galaxy through a telescope. Detailed analyses of mankind's deepest optical view of the universe, the Hubble Ultra Deep Field (HUDF), by several expert teams have at last identified, what may turn out to be, the earliest star-forming galaxies.